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Probing the non-locality of Majorana fermions via quantum correlations

机译:通过量子相关探讨majorana费米子的非局域性

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摘要

Majorana fermions (MFs) are exotic particles that are their ownanti-particles. Recently, the search for the MFs occurring as quasi-particleexcitations in solid-state systems has attracted widespread interest, becauseof their fundamental importance in fundamental physics and potentialapplications in topological quantum computation based on solid-state devices.Here we study the quantum correlations between two spatially separate quantumdots induced by a pair of MFs emerging at the two ends of a semiconductornanowire, in order to develop a new method for probing the MFs. We find thatwithout the tunnel coupling between these paired MFs, quantum entanglementcannot be induced from an unentangled (i.e., product) state, but quantumdiscord is observed due to the intrinsic nonlocal correlations of the pairedMFs. This finding reveals that quantum discord can indeed demonstrate theintrinsic non-locality of the MFs formed in the nanowire. Also, quantum discordcan be employed to discriminate the MFs from the regular fermions. Furthermore,we propose an experimental setup to measure the onset of quantum discord due tothe nonlocal correlations. Our approach provides a new, and experimentallyaccessible, method to study the Majorana bound states by probing theirintrinsic non-locality signature.
机译:马约拉那费米子(MFs)是奇异的粒子,它们是它们自己的反粒子。近年来,寻找在固态系统中以准粒子激发形式出现的MF引起了广泛的兴趣,因为它们在基本物理学中具有根本重要性,并且在基于固态器件的拓扑量子计算中具有潜在的应用。为了开发一种探测MF的新方法,由出​​现在半导体纳米线两端的一对MF在空间上分开的量子点进行了研究。我们发现,在这些成对的MF之间没有隧道耦合的情况下,无法从非缠结(即乘积)状态诱发量子纠缠,但是由于成对的MF的固有非局部相关性,因此观察到了量子纠缠。这一发现表明,量子失衡确实可以证明纳米线中形成的MF的固有非局部性。同样,可以使用量子失调来区分MF和常规费米子。此外,由于非局部相关性,我们提出了一种实验装置来测量量子不和谐的发生。我们的方法提供了一种新的方法,可以通过探测其固有的非局部性特征来研究马约拉邦的束缚态,从而可以通过实验获得。

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